Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 19

Contextual analysis - Essay Example The progressions to the finishing were chiefly from Amazon which entered the market for online sell-offs and the passage of other littler players who cloned eBay’s plan of action. These thusly made eBay look towards more advancement and building brand steadfastness among its purchasers just as giving remote client assistance to its clients. Q2) eBay found a way to guarantee that it reacts to the opposition by following more up to date items and stages. In its journey to remain the main online sale webpage, eBay spearheaded a lot of changes in its plan of action. For example, it embraced the worldview of going worldwide and acting neighborhood. What this implied was that eBay ventured into universal markets and held the nearby flavor in every one of these business sectors by embracing rehearses that were proportionate with the market in which they worked. The plan of action that eBay executed depended on trust, dependability and building brands that saw its business develop in size. To react to the opposition, eBay likewise presented a wide scope of items just as put resources into figuring foundation that was required for its forceful raids into more up to date scopes of items and administrations. There were changes to the exchanging stage too that were presented by eBay and which finished in the transformation of eBay into a world class online closeout website. Q3) The open doors for eBay are numerous and some of them incorporate more current types of sale arranges that permit creative estimating models for its items and more noteworthy investment of the clients in the online sale website. Different open doors emerge from the development of eBay into Asia and different locales that will undoubtedly get volumes of clients who might be a wellspring of steadfast client base for the organization. The most huge open door for eBay would emerge from focusing on the adolescent and the young people who structure a

Why is terrorism such a common feature of the modern world Essays

Despite the fact that the U.K. has maybe the most popular government on the planet, it is a long way from one of a kind. Inside Europe, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium and Spain likewise work as sacred governments, as do Japan and Thailand inside Asia. Inherited rulers in Africa and the Middle East (for example Morocco, Lesotho, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia) despite everything hold a lot of genuine force. Are these Heads of State erroneous dates who ought to be cleared away in the soul of genuine majority rules system, or do they have a lot to laud them when the pioneers of numerous new republics despite everything battle to discover well known authenticity? ProsConsThe idea of government is undemocratic. In the event that the ruler holds any huge political forces (as they do in Belgium and the U.K. for instance) these are unmerited. For what reason should the assessment of only one individual, in office simply coincidentally of birth, have the option to impact the result of races (for example in the U.K. on the off chance that no gathering has a general larger part in parliament) or of political dynamic (for example the U.K. furthermore, Belgium once more, where the ruler needs to sign enactment under the watchful eye of it becomes law)? Government may likewise be utilized to prop up other outlandish components inside the constitution, for example the House of Lords in the U.K.Constitutional government is an exceptionally compelling political framework. An innate Head of State goes about as a significant component of coherence inside a popularity based framework. The genuine forces (instead of absolutely hypothetical ones ? no British r uler has really vetoed an Act of Parliament since c1720) of European rulers are unimportant. However, as delegated figures over the political clashes of the day, they hold a significant emblematic job as a concentration for national solidarity (significant in Belgium, for instance). In Britain their right ?to exhort, energize and caution? the Prime Minister of the day has gone about as a check against excessively extreme strategies, in Spain King Juan Carlos really looked down a military overthrow in the 1980s.The idea of government is likewise inegalitarian. Regardless of whether the government holds practically zero political force, its quality continues the customary class framework, conveying a message that what your identity is conceived matters more than what you think about yourself. This can smother desires and lead to a culture of concession, where entrepreneurialism and individual capacity are not esteemed. An arrangement of illustrious distinctions might be utilized to in tegrate achievers with the customary social structures, making radical social and political change less possible.Monarchy goes about as a watchman of a nation?s legacy, a living token of the occasions and characters that have formed it. As such it is a ground-breaking center for steadfastness and a wellspring of solidarity in the midst of emergency, for instance World War II, and a token of suffering qualities and conventions. Isolating the places of Head of State and Head of Government additionally bodes well; the government embraces a significant part of the formal work at home and abroad, leaving the Prime Minister allowed to concentrate all the more adequately upon governing.The expenses of government are baseless. Commonly rulers and their close family get generous measures of cash from the state to keep up extravagant ways of life, complete with hirelings, costly occasions and leisure activities. The state likewise spends a lot to keep up and run royal residences and other ill ustrious homes, which are only occasionally open to the overall population who bolster them through their duties. Security costs are additionally very high.Monarchy is profoundly practical when contrasted with the cost of keeping up a Presidency with a huge staff and similarly tough security necessities. Regal homes are held in trust for the country, and would require a similar upkeep costs whether they were possessed by a ruler or not. Rather government more than pays its way through its age of vacationer income as millions visit locales related with sovereignty, and through its job in advancing exchange and industry abroad on regal visits.Royal families have become national humiliations. During a time of broad communications governments are not, at this point ready to keep up the persona which once set them apart from the normal man. Rather rulers, sovereigns, rulers and princesses are uncovered to be mortal, unsteady and here and there silly animals. As their closets, quarrels an d bombing relationships have become steady wellsprings of media examination, so any

Writing Microbiology Essay Topics

Writing Microbiology Essay TopicsWhen considering essay topics for a microbiology major, the first things to think about are what students are thinking about. When writing an essay, it is important to consider what your audience is looking for in the topic.For instance, you might want to write an essay on microbiology and biological materials. While such a topic may be interesting, some students may be looking for more than just a discussion of organisms.In this case, a microbiology essay will not be as meaningful as one on cell biology or even molecular biology. Students that are interested in bacteria or their isolates would be interested in learning about antibiotic resistance mechanisms and how these viruses affect the human body. Microbiology is more than just a group of organisms; it is an ever changing field of study that includes how we may be able to prevent infections and how to deal with the disease once it has occurred.Students can get a lot of advice from friends, classm ates, or even some subject matter experts. A student might want to write a topic for a microbiology class if they know they want to discuss the topic in the classroom.As an example, a microbiology class could discuss the problems of creating bacteria or microorganisms that can live in a lab environment. If a student writes a topic on this, they may learn how laboratories need to be equipped with proper air flow systems to keep the environment clean. They might also learn about the different types of laboratory equipment that can help ensure the safety of the students and the lab environment.You can also research different topics for microbiology essay topics by reading a book that discusses the topic. For instance, there are plenty of books that have discussion about other subjects, but no microbiology papers. The books that focus only on microbiology will contain tips on how to write good microbiology essays, as well as tips on how to choose a topic and how to structure the essay.S tudents should remember that the best way to come up with topic ideas for their microbiology essay topics is to be active. Find a topic that interests you and find out what types of materials will be needed to complete the assignment.Look at the material needed to complete the assignment and find out if the topic is actually a topic you would be interested in. Consider your writing skills and ask the guidance of someone else. Write your topic as well as you possibly can, making sure the content is informative, and that the structure is correct for a microbiology essay.

Discussion Ethical Issues in Illegal Immigration - 825 Words

Discussion: Ethical Issues in Illegal Immigration (Research Paper Sample) Content: Student's NameProfessors NameCourseDateEthical Issues in Illegal ImmigrationIntroductionThe problem of illegal immigration is among the leading social issues in the modern American society. By 2014, it was estimated that over 30 million illegal immigrants resided in the United States (Joseph 154). Both the democrats and republican have acknowledged illegal immigration as a serious issue for the U.S. However, when analyzed from ethical perspectives, the immigration issue is one of the least understood and frequently misrepresented by politicians and policy makers. It is notable that many people always address ethical issues of immigration from a business ethics point of view, thus, failing to create a clear picture. This is because illegal immigration is normally fueled by employers who hire illegal aliens. This paper examines ethical issues and implications concerning illegal immigration.DiscussionThe majority of illegal immigrants who move to the United States are Mexican. A situation that dates back to the 19th century is normally characterized by demands for labor in the U.S. economy and a frail Mexican economy where systematic protection is limited (Frank and Roger 325). Based on merit and demerits of illegal immigration, many scholars have differed in the recent past about the topic. From a utilitarian perspective, illegal immigration still appears as a controversial issue. According to utilitarian theory, what is right depends on what will yield the greatest good for the greatest number (Hing 992). In other words, the underlying consequences of an action are what determines the right or wrong actions and things. It is observed that the ultimate winner of illegal immigration is the capitalist community in the United States (Frank and Roger 123). Illegal immigrants provide labor services for the jobs that Americans would despise. By embracing such jobs, the rate of production of goods and service deliverance has increased. Arguing from thi s perspective, illegal immigration appears to be enhancing maximization of social goods and happiness. It is notable that the argument of utilitarian approach is that economic growth and increased wealth are a source of happiness and well-being for the majority. In contrast, studies have shown that native Americans still pay higher prices for good and services regardless of cheap labor being provided by the immigrants. For instance, according to Joseph, over 70 percent of Americans feel that illegal immigrants only make their social life difficult (152). This presents one of the shortcomings of Mills utilitarian theory. The theory does not provide criteria for determining what higher happiness is or who should decide when happiness is higher and realized by many. Another proof that illegal immigration does not correlate with the utilitarian arguments is its tendency to assert negative pressure to the wage rate. In this context, increased immigrants rate intensify competition in the job market. As a result, it becomes challenging for the native Americans to secure jobs, eventually forcing them to accept low wages. Minimal wages and reduced job rate results in reduced well-being of the Americans. From this viewpoint, illegal immigration is unethical based on both utilitarian theory and the principle of justice. In the light of the principle of justice, only legal migration can be termed as ethical as looking for a better living standard can be equated to seeking for social justice (Hing 987). Therefore, it in unethical for immigrants to illegally cross the boundaries of a sovereign state pegging search for higher paying employment. The federal government has an obligation to protect the native Americans from issues emerging from illegal immigration. For example, it is unfair that Americans incur higher cost for living, paying higher taxes to cater for the needs of illegal immigrants. Moreover, illegal immigrants cause crowding in the institutions that provid es social services such as schools, hospitals. Based on the principle of rights, native Americans are entitled to enjoy improved access to social services without facing competition threat from non-Americans. Therefore, in the context of both utilitarian and principles of rights perspectives, illegal immigration is unethical, and the perpetrators should face the rule of law (Hing 998). Since th...

Bill Gates The World Will Never Run Short Of Those !

Susan: So what future challenges do you expect to face in the coming future, Mr. Gates? Bill Gates: You mean apart from facing the critics (laughs)? Susan: Ah, the world will never run short of those! (laughs)! Bill Gates: Well I feel like we as human beings cause the greatest of harm to ourselves. I am quite concerned about the man-made climate change occurring due to deforestation, spreading of pollution and waste and other similar actions. The climate change will have the greatest impact on the population dependent upon agricultural activities. The poor farmers will suffer the most since crops will be ruined and their earnings will be lost. But I have a plan to tackle this challenge; I have planned to spend about $2 billion towards supporting green technology. My foundation will work closely with the agricultural sectors and focus on inculcating innovation in this sector (Eveleth R., 2014). Susan: You are the man with the plan Mr. Gates! Bill Gates: But I have to admit Susan, that I need support from the Government as well as Private Sectors. I would request rich countries to increase their aid to poorer countries. And companies that are working in technology, I would like to see them encourage their top innovators to dedicate some time towards solving problems and issues of the poorer countries (Wired, 2013). I am in contact with the US and French Government and extremely hopeful that they will fund energy innovation which will help in making green energy available atShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Bill Gates And Paul Allen2137 Words   |  9 Pagesthem. Nonetheless, Bill Gates and his team of â€Å"techies† have brought about a revolution of change in the field of technology, particularly the Windows operating system. Microsoft has changed the way we use computers and they have incorporated themselves into nearly every aspect of our lives. We use Microsoft or programs created by them every day without ever thin king of what the world would be like without their technology. Microsoft was founded in 1975 by the iconic Bill Gates and Paul Allen. ByRead More Corporate Charities The Right and Wrong Ways for Big Business to Give Back to the Community4190 Words   |  17 Pagesthey could never spend it in a lifetime. What is pocket change to them could save thousands of lives in a third-world country. And yet only some of them choose to give their money away. Even then some of the ones who do are not charitable out of the goodness of their heart but do it purely to make themselves look better in the eyes of the public. In this paper I seek to demonstrate a spectrum of corporate charities. Through four case studies – namely, Wal-Mart, Cisco Systems, Bill and MelindaRead MoreCollege Is A Waste Of Time And Money2333 Words   |  10 Pagesresearch on the value of a general education (GE) would run across one of the many Caroline Bird articles. In a 1975 article titled â€Å"College is a Waste of Time and Money† Bird makes a logical argument against the benefits of education for the masses. Despite arguing against a college education, Bird, on the other hand, held a master’s degree and taught at Vassar College in New York, the same school she graduated. According to U.S. News World Report (2015), â€Å"Vassar College s ranking in the 2015Read MoreLevels of Organizational Culture1739 Words   |  7 PagesExpounds Beliefs and Values When a group is first created or when it faces a new task, issue, or problem, the first solution proposed to deal with it reflects some individuals own assumptions about what is right or wrong, what will work or not work. 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People said he went out at night when the moonRead MoreBook Review Built to Last4076 Words   |  17 PagesBook Summary: Built To Last Built To Last by James Collins Jerry Porras What has enabled some corporations to last so long, while other competitors in the same markets either struggle to get by, or fade away after a short period of time? This is the major question that Mrs Collins and Porras try to answer. They took a look at 18 well known, well established and healthy companies (visionaries), and compared them to a counterpart in their specific area of business. They analyzed all the informationRead MoreCase Study – Change: to Be or Not to Be1504 Words   |  7 Pagesdispatch it to the zonal stock points (ZSPs). Therefore, he set up various ZSPs and systems were put in place. This helped in reducing the production set up and re-set up runs. As a result for all these reforms, the company witnessed sync in the stocks and the tussle between the sales and production teams also stopped. In short, the new reforms were now a work of art. However the things changed in 2000, when Parthiv left the company and Kevin Mathais took over. He was not too happy with the â€Å"PlanRead MoreOperations Management1693 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This assignment is based on the following short case studies: Acme Whistles, a company the dates back to 1870 that was started to respond to a request by the London Metropolitan Police to replace their wooden rattles that was used to sound the alarm. So the world’s first police whistle was born. Oxfam International, a relief and emergency response, community development organization made up of 13 likeminded organizations based around the world. Together with their partners and allies, workRead MoreThe Tyranny Of Experts : Economists, Dictators, And The Forgotten Rights Of The Poor2068 Words   |  9 PagesNYU development Research Institute also a previous World Bank Group employee. Easterly is an expert whose work The Tyranny of Experts is set to criticize experts. Easterly starts his book off with a story about twenty thousand local farmers in Ohio whose farms were burnt down and animals shot to death by soldiers to make room for commercial forestry, as they watched their family farms burn they were held at gun point by the soldiers and told â€Å"never come back† and â€Å"the land is no longer yours†. OfRead MoreWe All Get Along?1825 Words   |  8 Pagesfelt like a distinctly oppressed underclass. In Los Angeles balcks had complained bitterly for years about brutality and racism under the Los Angeles Police department headed by Chief Darly Gates since 1978. The videotaped beating of King not only fueled those complaints, but seemingly justified them to the world. Tension were also high between African Americans and the many small businesses in South Los Angeles. When the riots came, much of the looting was directed toward the Korean businesses. But

Hobbes and Locke Social Contract Theory free essay sample

Thomas Hobbes was the first person to come up with the idea of a social contract in his text, Leviathan. As with any concept in history, other political philosophers have used Hobbes’ theory as a stepping-stone. One of those men is John Locke, who presents a very different account of how it is civil society is formed. Although both men have very different accounts on the social contract notion, there are some similarities between the two. Before putting pen to paper Hobbes had a front row seat to a quintessential moment in early English history—the English Civil War. The war was a dispute between King Charles I and his followers, the Monarchists and the Parliamentarians. The Monarchists preferred the traditional authority of the king, while the Parliamentarians demanded more power for Parliament, England’s quasi-democratic institution. Hobbes is somewhere in between the two groups with his own set of views. Hobbes believed that political authority is based on the self-interest of the members of the society, all of who are considered equal. He argued that no single individual had the power to rule over the rest. He also backed the conservative point of view that the sovereign must have absolute authority in order for society to last without disruption. It is in the rejection of the Monarchist point of view, that Hobbes and Locke find their first similarity. Both authors sought out to refute the positions presented by Robert Filmer’s Patriarcha, regarding the issue of the Divine Right of Kings. Filmer believed that God gave absolute authority to the king. Since God gives the power to the king, political society focused on obeying God unconditionally. Although Hobbes did agree that it was necessary for a king to have absolute authority in order to keep the people in line, he believed that authority came from the people living in the community and not God. Locke’s most influential political writings come from his Two Treatises On Government. His First Treatise is focused almost entirely on rejecting Filmer’s theory. Locke is in line with Hobbes in his belief that political authority comes from the consent of the governed. Along with this similarity, both men also agree on the idea that those people in a State of Nature will willingly consent to coming together to form a political society. They also agree on the belief that people would live in fear of each other regardless of their ability to use reason. Human nature allows men to be selfish. All people have the natural right to defend their own life, liberty, health and property. This fear is what leads many people to come together and form a state so that there would be a central authority to protect their life, liberty, health and property of all people within society. Along with creating the outline for the social contract theory, Hobbes was also a major contribution to the idea of the State of Nature, a hypothetical situation used to show how people lived before the establishment of society. In the State of Nature, life was â€Å"solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short,† characterized by self-interest and the absence of rights and laws (Hobbes 89). Hobbes believed that man was fundamentally evil and required a central authority to keep them out of the conditions of the state of nature. Locke, on the other hand, saw individuals as exercising moral limits over their actions. In order to answer the question of why the people should be willing to submit to political authority, Hobbes uses the idea of a State of Nature. This is a completely hypothetical situation through which he imagines what life was like for men before the establishment of civil society. In the State of Nature, men are naturally and entirely self interested, resources are limited and there is no power that forces the people to follow the rules of society. Men are also considered equal to one another in that even the strongest man can be killed in his sleep. There is no ability for men to ensure the satisfaction of their needs and desires as humans, and no prolonged systems of cooperation among men. The state of nature is a state of constant fear and distrust, or as Hobbes puts it â€Å"a state of perpetual and unavoidable war† (Hobbes 90). Based on the previous definition of the State of Nature, it would seem that mankind is doomed for eternity. However, hope is not lost. Using the power of reason, they are able to understand the laws of nature, which lead man out of the state of nature and into civil society. A Law of Nature, (Lex Naturalis), is a Precept, or generall rule, found out by reason, by which a man is forbidden to do, that, which is destructive of his life, or taketh away the means of preserving the same; and to omit that, by which he thinketh it may be best preserved. (Hobbes 91) The first rule of nature is to seek peace when others are also willing to follow in the quest for peace, â€Å"That every man, ought to endeavour Peace, as farre as he has hope of obtaining it; and when he cannot obtain it, that he may seek, and use, all helps, and advantages of Warre† (Hobbes 92). In the pages leading up to the natural laws, Hobbes describes what it is that drives us to seek peace. â€Å"The Passions that encline men to Peace, are Feare of Death; Desire of such things as are necessary to commodious living; and a Hope by their Industry to obtain them† (Hobbes 90). These are the things that lead people out of the state of nature and into forming a political society. People want protection of their bodies, property, and commodious living. It is through reason that men are led to the construction of a Social Contract, allowing for a life better then in the State of Nature. The social contract is formed through the establishment of two other contracts. The first contract is that they must agree to establish society by renouncing the rights that they had in the State of Nature. The second is that they must choose a single person, or an assembly of people, that will have the authority to enforce the various parts of the contract. The sovereign has the power to punish those who violate the social contract, which leads people to adjust themselves to the rules of their society. In order to understand the purpose of the Social Contract, Hobbes sets forth a definition of a commonwealth, or civil society: And in him consisteth the Essence of the Commonwealth; which (to define it,) is One Person, of whose Acts a great Multitude, by mutuall Covenants one with another, have made themselves every one the Author, to the end he may use the strength and means of them all, as he shall think expedient, for their Peace and Common Defence. Locke 121) Without a common power to exercise force, society would be the same as it was while in the State of Nature. The Social Contract is considered to be the fundamental source within society for all that is good, along with being the force that allows us to live well. On the opposite side of the spectrum is another major figure in political philosophy, Locke. Locke’s views are very different from that of Hobbes, besides the fact that Locke uses the State of Nature concept created by Hobbes. For Locke, the State of Nature is a state of complete and perfect liberty to live the best life possible, while being free from interference from others. We must consider what state all men are naturally in, and that is a state of perfect freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possessions and persons as they think fit, within the bounds of the law of nature, without asking leave or depending upon the will of any other man. (Locke 5) In this state of equality no person has any power over any one else—everyone is subjectively equal. The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges every one; and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind who will but consult it that, being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions† (Locke 5). The state of nature is not a state of license, or a state of authority, in that individuals have the ability to do whatever they want. Although this society is pre-government, morals guide the laws of nature. God gives the natural laws to commands and us that we do not harm others, since we are all equal in the eyes of God. For Locke, the State of Nature is more like a state of liberty that allows the people to pursue their own interests free from interference. It is considered a peaceful state because of the natural laws and its restrictions on the people. Hobbes saw the State of Nature as being a state of constant war, a drastic change compared to the views presented by Locke. Although Locke’s state is predominantly peaceful, there is potential for a State of War. According to Locke, the State of War starts between two or more people when one person declares war on the other. This is usually done by stealing something from he other, or trying to make another man a slave. Since there is no central power to mediate the dispute and the laws of nature allow for self-defense, people are allowed to kill anyone that brings force against them. Without a force to mediate, the duration of wars is much longer and more brutal. Political societies form when men come together in the State of Nature, and agre e to give up their power to punish those who disobey the laws of nature and give that power to a central authority. It is through this that the people consent to the will of the majority. Through leaving the state of nature and forming a society, the people create a â€Å"one body politic under one government† and are thus subjected to the will of that particular â€Å"body† (Locke 55). The only way for one to become part of society is through our own individual consent, meaning we cannot be forced to join the society. By joining a society, people gain a few things that they lacked in the State of Nature. These aspects consist of laws, a judge to settle disputes regarding laws and most importantly an executive power to enforce the law. The executive power is created for the protection of the people, their property and general well being. It is when this protection is non-existent, or the King becomes a tyrant by acting against the interest of the people, that the contract can be thrown away. It is with this that the process of establishing a social contract can begin once again, and also the power. Both Hobbes and Locke agree on the fact that people living in a state of nature will come together to form a contract amongst themselves, which ultimately leads to the establishment of society. Both Hobbes and Locke also agreed that people living in a state of nature would be living in a constant state of fear of one another before society is established. Hobbes has a much darker view of Human Nature, seeing them as inherently evil, while Locke viewed man as being guided by â€Å"rational self-interest† with the ability to self-govern without the Leviathan watching over you. These two figures have helped shape our modern systems of government among many other things.

What Is Nanotechnology Essays - Nanotechnology,

What is Nanotechnology? Computers reproduce information at almost no cost. A push is well underway to invent devices that manufacture at almost no cost, by treating atoms discretely, like computers treat bits of information. This would allow automatic construction of consumer goods without traditional labor, like a Xerox machine produces unlimited copies without a human retyping the original information. Electronics is fueled by miniaturization. Working smaller has led to the tools capable of manipulating individual atoms like the proteins in a potato manipulate the atoms of soil, air and water to make copies of itself. The shotgun marriage of chemistry and engineering called Nanotechnology is ushering in the era of self replicating machinery and self assembling consumer goods made from cheap raw atoms (Drexler, Merkle paraphrased). Nanotechnology is molecular manufacturing or, more simply, building things one atom or molecule at a time with programmed nanoscopic robot arms. A nanometer is one billionth of a meter (3 - 4 atoms wide). Utilizing the well understood chemical properties of atoms and molecules (how they stick together), nanotechnology proposes the construction of novel molecular devices possessing extraordinary properties. The trick is to manipulate atoms individually and place them exactly where needed to produce the desired structure. This ability is almost in our grasp. The anticipated payoff for mastering this technology is far beyond any human accomplishment so far... Technical feasibilities include: ? Self-assembling consumer goods ? Computers billions of times faster ? Extremely novel inventions (impossible today) ? Safe and affordable space travel ? Medical Nano... virtual end to illness, aging, death ? No more pollution and automatic cleanup of already existing pollution ? Molecular food syntheses... end of famine and starvation ? Access to a superior education for every child on Earth ? Reintroduction of many extinct plants and animals ? Terraforming here and the Solar System From the introduction of the plenary of Dr. Drexler at the January '96 program of the twenty-ninth annual Hawaii International Conference on System Science, Maui. (An academic meeting of software and systems scientist.) In a world of information, digital technologies have made copying fast, cheap, and perfect, quite independent of cost or complexity of the content. What if the same were to happen in the world of matter? The production cost of a ton of terabyte RAM chips would be about the same as the production cost of steel. Design costs would matter, production costs wouldn't. Bibliography THE NEXT GENERATIONS...